Special interest tourism

Special interest tourism Abstract Tourism is included in the most dynamic and propulsive activities, with complex and multiple effects. It supplies tourism with strong driving force in wide range of activities and includes it more and more into priorities of economic development of numerous receptive countries and their particular parts. Wealth, preservation and appeal of natural resources, large number of traditional agricultural households, gradual increase in domestic population living standard, as well as increasing interest of international market for performances of special interest tourism, make solid framework for development of this branch of tourism in Serbia, where required conditions exist. The development of other, accompanying activities is emphasized also in order to enrich the content that this particular branch of tourism has to offer. The intention of the authors in this paper is to, whit particular retrospective on conditions in Croatia and Serbia, answer to some developmental questions of tourism progress, depending on natural, economic and social facts, recognition of geographic aspects of terrain and determination by human factor in enhancing special interest tourism with all of its following content, through its work and activities. Key words: special interest tourism, comparative analysis, market, accommodation capacities, education. Introduction Based on key factors of success analysis, apparent is that both destinations have relatively good potential for developmental and international commercialization of tourism product. The fact is, that this product is based on preserved natural resources, to the larges extent, which both countries are abundant with, which enables them to define, develop and supply international market with attractive product palette of special tourism services. Natural and economic resources of special interest tourism in Istrian Regoin and Kolubara District Istrian Region by its geographic and natural landmarks has significant advantage, amongst others, in development of special interest tourism. This is justified by numerous data that evidence Istrian precedence in degree of quality supply, as well as the visit, when it comes to tourism in general. To comprehend completely essential vantages for tourism development of special interest places, parallel review of basic characteristics of each region is given, Istrian Region and Kolubara District, that also disposes with numerous natural attributes and potential possibilities. Additional assurance of special interest tourism prosperity on both locations, what can be seen from previous table is attractive relief that includes water areas, mountains, numerous gouges, caves and other. Segments of product Starting with a fact that special interest product is compounded of large number of market niches, the easiest way to segregate it is following: Mild or soft activities that include camping, hiking, bike riding, rafting, 44 driving, in-nature activities, horse riding, fishing, etc. Some of these activities, for example animal chase are being largely commercialized in Istria and Serbia, while some are being included in maps and catalogues of specialized operators, more in Istria then in Kolubara District. It is good to keep in mind that particular niches of special interest products, can represent an included part of product group Mountains and Lakes as additional activities while vacationing. Rich offer of activities represents a base for development of these products throughout the year, not only during high season. Rough or hard activities, that refer to canoeing or kayaking down river streams, exploring canyons, caves, mountain biking, cross country skiing, alpinism, free climbing, paragliding, jeep safari and similar. All of these activities, can in long-term, be presented as independent product on the market, particularly because their organization and popularization need more investment in promotion, standard formation and similar. Cultural resources activities, gastro interests, monastery tours, places of importance heritage tours, archeological journeys and similar. Market special interest products ought to be introduced to domestic market, as well as to foreign emissive markets of special interest like Germany, Great Britain, France, Netherlands, Italy etc. Competitive strategy of special interest tourism development in Serbia Taking into consideration complexity of the product, it is hard to determine unique developmental strategy. Each creative and professional destination, with its management on behalf, will determine its own competitive strategy. Regarding that Serbia is taking smaller steps in tourism supply and in its representation on foreign markets, in comparison to Istria, it must specially focus on these production segments which accompanied with reasonable prices and low costs make its biggest potential. On the other hand, Serbia must directly approach communication among its strategic benefits in special interest product, even more because of the fact that these products development and their international popularization do not require large financial investment. Although the special interest product is of mostly seasonal character, vast resource base provides Serbia with possibility of organizing activities in this domain, throughout the year. Aiming for faster popularization of special interest product, needed is to stimulate development of destination management companies, who have programs for preparation and development of different product segments. Special interest product are usually promoted by specialized brochures of foreign tour-operators, presentations on specialized fairs and especially by direct marketing and internet. To enhance international promotion of this product in Serbia, special internet platform should be established, connected to powerful international internet providers. Accommodation facilities are essential and characteristic features of tourism area, which implies that their space and quality in significant part determine range of tourism circulation; their types, forms and quality directly affect types and forms of tourism and therefore tourisms economy effects. In continental Istria possibilities of hotel, camp, private accommodation and family agricultural households prevail. In Kolubara District domestic country tourism is developed, which could contribute to tourism development of that particular part of Serbia in total, but its still being conducted slowly and poorly organized. Models of development Considering special interest product as mainly reposing on natural resources preservation, both in Istrian Region and Kolubara District, there is a big chance for this product to develop, define itself and offer itself to international market. Special interest product can in medium term develop on low cost strategy, with small investments and reasonable prices, considering wealth of resources. In medium and long term, Serbia must raise general competitiveness level in field of infrastructure development, particularly road accessibility, which open numerous opportunities for special interests products development, what characterizes majority of even vaguely developed tourist countries. Besides, both regions have traditional and cultural heritage and conditions that facilitates them to attract tourists interest, what enables tourists to, while on vacation, use their leisure time to get to know the people and surroundings, where they temporarily reside in (to see the museums, galleries, special collections and similar). Cultural manifestations also have strong ability to attract tourists, supplying with enrichment of contents, higher value to an area or a place and enable higher cost budget. Naturally, high emphasis is put on distinguished conditions for rural tourism development in agro-tourism oasis of Istria and Kolubara. Global market potential of special interest product significantly overcomes possibilities of Serbia and Istria to develop and popularize this product, exceptionally in short and medium term. Therefore, intensifying global communication of this product by mediation with present global internet portals is of great importance. Simultaneously, creation of sales orientated internet portal and other common steps of advanced popularization with preceding unification of special interest product leading organizations. Conclusion Development and popularization of special interests do not require high investment. Therefore, the emphasis is on management of activities that are much less favored in Istrian Region and Kolubara District. Following this context, developmental model of this product should be based on following activities: Location of coordination responsibility for development and popularization of special interest product, especially because of large number of small individual organizations activities (for example fishing and animal chase) lacking in joint effort for serious popularization, on behalf of the region or whole country. Identification and creation of unique data base of activity organizations and special interest supply. Creation of greatest worlds tour-operators data base in field of special interests. Support and financial stimulation for private personae when forming new companies for destination management. Additional regulation of activities description for these companies, that make the most important link in chain of product value. Drawing initiative for general preservation and sustainable development of mountains, rivers and lakes, together with successive formation of infrastructure favorable for special interests development. Program of incorporation of specialized and scientific workers and education of tourist guides for various cultural and scientific contents in field of this product. Formation of special quality systems in field of special interest products. Seminary organization by qualified companies in all tourism clusters. Organization of special tours for those engaged in this field. Support of specialized magazines and publication launching in this field. Educational program for specialized guides Consumer protection program and other competitiveness programs in general. References DFV, Nachhaltige Entwicklung: Tourismus und Umwelt, 2008 Hamovic, V. „Quality of service and consumer protection in tourism, Besjeda, Banja Luka,RS, 2004 Horner, S., Swarbrook, J. International cases in tourism management, Elsevier, London, England, 2004 htt://www.wttc.org/reports/wttc99ver1.3doc Kripendorf, J. „Traveling Mankind, Zavod za istraÃ…Â ¾ivanje trÃ…Â ¾iÃ… ¡ta, Zagreb, Croatia, 1986 Ph. Kotler, Keller K. Marketing management, Data status, Belgrade, Serbia, 2006; Weaver, D., Lawton, L. „Tourism mangement, Data status, Belgrade, Serbia, 2008; Strategija razvoja turizma Srbije do 2015.godine; MagaÃ… ¡, D., „Management in touris organization and destinations, Adamic, Rijeka, Croatia, 2003; MaruÃ… ¡ic, M., PrebeÃ…Â ¾ac, D. „Tourist market research, ADECO, Zagreb, Croatia, 2004; BuleÃ… ¡ic, E. „Rural tourism in Istria, University in Rijeka, Business department Pula, Croatia, 2004. Golja, S. „Opportunities for tourism development in rural area of Istrian Region University in Rijeka, Business department Pula, 2008. This article represents a part of the Project no. 149007 D research results Multifunctional Agriculture and Rural Development Aimed at EU Integration of Serbia, financed by the Serbian Ministry of Science and and project Competitiveness and Comparative sustainable rural development of Istra and Kolubara region, within the program of scientific-technical cooperation of R.Serbia and R.Croatia. Both projects are financed by the Ministry of Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia.

Themes of Class and Society in Blood Brothers Essay -- essays research

Blood Brothers How does Willy Russell explore the themes of class and society through Mickey and Eddie on stage? Introduction Through out the play `Blood Brothers’ Willy Russell explore the themes of class and society through Mickey and Eddie. He uses to look at the ideas of different classes in society within the play. Willy Russell `Blood Brother’ concerned with issue of class in society and Eddie and Mickey represent working class and middle class respectively. The lifestyle of Eddie symbolyses a more comfortable, which he has many good things such as foods, sweet, money and the environment of Eddie. He also has comfortable with his parents. â€Å" It’s only because I love you, Eddie† it states that Eddie’s parents love him, huge him and even though he do not get punished like Mickey. Mickey receives little support where he lives in a rented council estate flat. â€Å" We come all this way just look at the bleeding estate†. This tells that Mickey live up by the park. Russell uses dramatic devices to reveal these differences to the audience. For example the dictionary, he uses dictionary in the middle class family because in the middle class family they have all kind of resources such as books. But the working class family does not have any of these resources. Fo r example Mickey don’t know what a dictionary is. â€Å" Its thing in it†, it comments on that there is much differences about the society through Mickey and Eddie to the audience. Russell clearly intends to show how society was divided by showing the effect upon two characters. â€Å" Give one to me†. On the past Mrs. Lyon took one of the twins from Mrs. Johnstone by persuading her before the twins were born. This is how Russell uses to show how society was split. .. ...h used to show the difference in class between Mickey and Eddie to the audience. The characters react each other about the way they speak and does. For example Willy Russell uses language of the two main characters to reveal the difference in their upbringings and education. Mickey regularly uses slang and shorten words â€Å" Gis a ciggie?† it shows that Mickey is unsatisfied with speaking standard English whilst Eddie shown to be posh by speaking eloquently, â€Å" you, sound dead funny swearing in that posh voice,† Willy Russell state here to show the diversity in class and society through out the play. It uses dramatic irony that the two characters are unknown to each other that they are twins, but the audience realise and know the relationship of Mickey and Eddie. This emphasises the effects of differences in class and that the audience will be more affected be event. Themes of Class and Society in Blood Brothers Essay -- essays research Blood Brothers How does Willy Russell explore the themes of class and society through Mickey and Eddie on stage? Introduction Through out the play `Blood Brothers’ Willy Russell explore the themes of class and society through Mickey and Eddie. He uses to look at the ideas of different classes in society within the play. Willy Russell `Blood Brother’ concerned with issue of class in society and Eddie and Mickey represent working class and middle class respectively. The lifestyle of Eddie symbolyses a more comfortable, which he has many good things such as foods, sweet, money and the environment of Eddie. He also has comfortable with his parents. â€Å" It’s only because I love you, Eddie† it states that Eddie’s parents love him, huge him and even though he do not get punished like Mickey. Mickey receives little support where he lives in a rented council estate flat. â€Å" We come all this way just look at the bleeding estate†. This tells that Mickey live up by the park. Russell uses dramatic devices to reveal these differences to the audience. For example the dictionary, he uses dictionary in the middle class family because in the middle class family they have all kind of resources such as books. But the working class family does not have any of these resources. Fo r example Mickey don’t know what a dictionary is. â€Å" Its thing in it†, it comments on that there is much differences about the society through Mickey and Eddie to the audience. Russell clearly intends to show how society was divided by showing the effect upon two characters. â€Å" Give one to me†. On the past Mrs. Lyon took one of the twins from Mrs. Johnstone by persuading her before the twins were born. This is how Russell uses to show how society was split. .. ...h used to show the difference in class between Mickey and Eddie to the audience. The characters react each other about the way they speak and does. For example Willy Russell uses language of the two main characters to reveal the difference in their upbringings and education. Mickey regularly uses slang and shorten words â€Å" Gis a ciggie?† it shows that Mickey is unsatisfied with speaking standard English whilst Eddie shown to be posh by speaking eloquently, â€Å" you, sound dead funny swearing in that posh voice,† Willy Russell state here to show the diversity in class and society through out the play. It uses dramatic irony that the two characters are unknown to each other that they are twins, but the audience realise and know the relationship of Mickey and Eddie. This emphasises the effects of differences in class and that the audience will be more affected be event.

Lal Bahadur Shastri

Achievements: Played a leading role in Indian freedom struggle; became Parliamentary Secretary of Pandit Govind Vallabh Pant, the then chief minister of Uttar Pradesh; became the Minister of Police and Transport in Pant's Cabinet; appointed as the Railways and Transport Minister in the Central Cabinet; also held the portfolios of Transport & Communications, Commerce and Industry, and Home Ministry in the Central cabinet; became Prime Minister of India in 1964; led India to victory over Pakistan in 1965 war. Lal Bahadur Shastri was the second Prime Minister of independent India. Though diminutive in physical stature he was a man of great courage and will. He successfully led country during the 1965 war with Pakistan. To mobilize the support of country during the war he coined the slogan of â€Å"Jai Jawan Jai Kisan†. Lal Bahadur Sastri also played a key role in India's freedom struggle. He led his life with great simplicity and honesty and was a great source of inspiration for all the countrymen. Lal Bahadur Shastri was born on October 2, 1904 at Mughalsarai, Uttar Pradesh. His parents were Sharada Prasad and Ramdulari Devi. Lal Bahadur's surname was Srivastava but he dropped it as he did not want to indicate his caste. Lal Bahadur's father was a school teacher and later on he became a clerk in the Revenue Office at Allahabad. Though Sharada Prasad was poor, he lived a life of honesty and integrity. Lal Bahadur lost his father when he was only one. Ramdulari Devi raised Lal Bahadur and her two daughters at her father's house. There is a very famous incident regarding Lal Bahadur Shastri's childhood which took place when he was six years old. One day, while returning from school, Lal Bahadur and his friends went to an orchard that was on the way to home. Lal Bahadur Shastri was standing below while his friends climbed the trees to pluck mangoes. Meanwhile, the gardener came and caught hold of Lalbahadur Shastri. He scolded Lal Bahadur Shastri and started beating him. Lal Bahadur Shastri pleaded to gardener to leave him as he was orphan. Taking pity on Lal Bahadur, the gardener said, â€Å"Because you are an orphan, it is all the more important that you must learn better behavior.† These words left a deep imprint on Lal Bahadur Shastri and he swore to behave better in the future. Lal Bahadur stayed at his grandfather's house till he was ten. By that time he had passed the sixth standard examination. He went to Varanasi for higher education. In 1921 when Mahatma Gandhi launched the non-cooperation movement against British Government, Lal Bahadur Shastri, was only seventeen years old. When Mahatma Gandhi gave a call to the youth to come out of Government schools and colleges, offices and courts and to sacrifice everything for the sake of freedom, Lal Bahadur came out of his school. Though his mother and relatives advised him not to do so, he was firm in his decision. Lal Bahadur was arrested during the Non-cooperation movement but as he was too young he was let off. After his release Lal Bahadur joined Kashi Vidya Peeth and for four years he studied philosophy. In 1926, Lal Bahadur earned the degree of â€Å"Shastri† After leaving Kashi Vidya Peeth, Lal Bahadur Shastri joined â€Å"The Servants of the People Society†, which Lala Lajpat Rai had started in 1921. The aim of the Society was to train youths that were prepared to dedicate their lives in the service of the country. In 1927, Lal Bahadur Shastri married Lalitha Devi. The marriage ceremony was very simple and Shastriji took only a charkha (spinning wheel) and few yards of Khadi in dowry. In 1930, Gandhiji gave the call for Civil Disobedience Movement. Lal Bahadur Shastri joined the movement and encouraged people not to pay land revenue and taxes to the government. He was arrested and put in jail for two and a half years. In jail Shastriji became familiar with the works of western philosophers, revolutionaries and social reformers. Lal Bahadur Shastri had great self respect. Once when he was in prison, one of his daughters fell seriously ill. The officers agreed to release him out for a short time but on condition that he should agree in writing not to take part in the freedom ‘movement during this period. Lal Bahadur did not wish to participate in the freedom movement during his temporary release from prison; but he said that he would not give it in writing. He thought that it was against his self-respect to give it in writing. After Second World War started in 1939, Congress launched â€Å"Individual Satyagraha† in 1940 to demand freedom. Lal Bahadur Shastri was arrested during Individual Satyagraha and released after one year. On August 8, 1942, Gandhiji gave the call for Quit India Movement. Lal Bahadur actively participated in the movement. He went underground but was later arrested. Lal Bahadur Shastri was released in 1945 along with other major leaders. He earned the praise of Pandit Govind Vallabh Pant by his hard work during the 1946 provincial elections. Lal Bahadur's administrative ability and organization skills came to the fore during this time. When Govind Vallabh Pant became the Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh, he appointed Lal Bahadur Shastri as his Parliamentary Secretary. In 1947, Lal Bahadur Shastri became the Minister of Police and Transport in Pant's Cabinet. Lal Bahadur Sastri was the General Secretary of the Congress Party when the first general elections were held after India became Republic. Congress Party returned to power with a huge majority. In 1952, Jawahar Lal Nehru appointed Lal Bahadur Shastri as the Railways and Transport Minister in the Central Cabinet. Lal Bahadur Shastri's contribution in providing more facilities to travelers in third class compartments cannot be forgotten. He reduced the vast disparity between the first class and third class in the Railways. Lal Bahadur Shastri resigned from Railways in 1956, owning moral responsibility for a railway accident. Jawaharlal Nehru tried to persuade Shastriji but Lal Bahadur Shastri refused to budge from his stand. By his action Lal Bahadur Shastri set new standards of morality in public life. In the next general elections when Congress returned to power, Lal Bahadur Shastri became the Minister for Transport and Communications and later the Minister for Commerce and Industry. He became the Home Minister in 1961, after the death of Govind Vallabh Pant. In the 1962 India-China war Shastriji played a key role in maintaining internal security of the country.

Achieving Motivation At The Workplace - 1177 Words

Question: 1. What is the best way to achieve motivation at work? Explain your answer with reference to relevant literature and examples. Problem Statement: Achieving motivation at the workplace is extremely important as the desire for workers to perform more efficiently and higher in terms of quality can directly influence the overall performance of a company (Ridgeway, 1982). Thus, discovering the best way to achieve motivation at work is a very necessary topic to be discussed. However, the definition of â€Å"the best† may vary from person to person. â€Å"The best way to achieve motivation† in this essay is defined as achieving work efficiency as high as possible while maintaining the high morale of employees. Argument Outline:  · There is†¦show more content†¦The theory is the first management theory and it’s 100 years old (Stoner, Edward, Gilbert, 2003) but some of its principles are still effective. Although It treats workers as machines and pre-program them to do their respective jobs and rewards workers for good and excellent working results and punish them if they fail to make the standard, it introduced piece-rates to raise the employees’ initiative and therefore enhance the productivity.  · Evidence: Though being old, practice like piece-rate introduced by Taylorism never ages, especially for labor-intensive industries, and even some rather new and fancy industries. For example, according to the Guardian, 2016, UberEats drivers and riders can earn â€Å" £3.30 per delivery, plus a  £4 â€Å"promotion† amount per job between 11.30am and 2.30pm, or a  £3 promotion between 6.30pm and 9.30pm, as well as the mileage payment.† Piece- rate well stimulates the motivation of workers to do more, do better. Working as a part-time translator for a media, my job was to translate English articles or videos into another language, and I got generously paid on piece-rate. If the articles or videos attracted more readers’ attention than expected, I could get a bonus pay which may be higher than or at least equal to the normal pay I got from the translation work, so I was quite hard working and really dedicated a huge amount of time to the work.  · Theory: Human Relations Theory argues that employees are not machines andShow MoreRelatedTheories Of Motivation And Motivation Theories1493 Words   |  6 Pagesof motivation are still relevant to contemporary management practice. Theories of motivation are important as it helps managers to understand their employees’ needs of motivations, and to motivate their employees to perform and excel better. There are several motivation theories; this essay will briefly explain six major theories of motivation and discuss three of the theories in more detail. 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